CO129-493 - Governor Sir Clementi - 1926 [6-8] — Page 476

CO129 Colonial Office Hong Kong Records 理藩院香港檔案 All

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473

The policy which I have recommended may be literally inconsistent with certain portion of the Washington Nine Power Treaty, though it does not seem to me to infringe the spirit of that treaty, and con- sultation with the signatories would, of course, be neces- sary before the new policy could be applied. Strictly speaking, the consent of all, including that of the phantom and no longer existent Government of China, should be obtained. It is not really possible to obtain the consent of China as a whole to anything; but, if the main regional governments were to accept the policy, it might for practical purposes be assumed that the consent of China had been obtained. If it should happen that some of the other signatories were unwilling to consent to a mutual abrogation of the treaty, I suggest that the treaty might fairly be denounced to them, and to "China" if necessary, on the rebus sic stantibus principle, for it assumes the continued existence of

a defunct state person and a unity which no longer exists. The powers other than China could simultaneously enter into a new treaty between themselves containing the self- denying provisions of the Nine Power Treaty.

12.

It is true that the applicability of the rebus sic stantibus principle to any given set of facts will almost always be open to argument, and the principle has been invaked with very doubtful justification, as by Russia in 1870 in commection with the neutralisation

of the Black Sea; but this is not an instance of in-

voking the principle as an excuse for disregarding an

agreement which has become unduly onerous, and it can

be truly said in the present case that there is no desire whatsoever to escape from any of our obligations

towards the Chinese people. On the contrary, the denun-

\. II

ciation

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